Eco-Tourism in Bhutan: A Guide to Remote Valleys & Monasteries

Feb 135 min read

Bhutan, a small kingdom nestled in the Eastern Himalayas, is renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, spiritual heritage, and deep commitment to sustainability. As eco-tourism becomes increasingly popular, Bhutan has emerged as a leading destination for travelers looking to explore the natural beauty of remote monasteries, valleys, and national parks while supporting the preservation of the environment and local culture. This guide will take you through the eco-friendly travel options, accommodations, and ethical travel practices to ensure that your trip to Bhutan’s remote areas leaves a positive impact on the local community and the environment.

Where is Bhutan?

Bhutan is a landlocked country in South Asia, located in the Eastern Himalayas between India and China. It shares borders with the Indian states of Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh to the south and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north. Bhutan is often referred to as the "Land of the Thunder Dragon" due to its deep-rooted Buddhist traditions and dramatic mountainous landscape. The capital city, Thimphu, is the largest city in the country and serves as the cultural and administrative hub of Bhutan.

Due to its geographical location and strict tourism policies, Bhutan remains one of the world's least explored destinations, making it an ideal place for eco-conscious travelers seeking unspoiled nature and authentic cultural experiences.

What is Eco-Tourism and Why is It Important?

Eco-tourism is centered around responsible travel that promotes sustainability, conservation, and the preservation of the country’s unique cultural and natural heritage. Bhutan is one of the world’s few carbon-negative countries, meaning it absorbs more carbon dioxide than it produces. The government has prioritized environmental conservation through policies that protect its pristine landscapes, including vast areas of forested land that are home to rare wildlife and endangered species.

The country has set ambitious goals to maintain its environmental footprint by limiting the number of visitors and focusing on high-value, low-impact tourism. This helps ensure that Bhutan's remote areas, including monasteries and valleys, are protected from mass tourism and overdevelopment. Eco-tourism allows travelers to explore Bhutan in a way that supports local communities, reduces environmental damage, and preserves cultural traditions for future generations.

For eco-tourists, visiting Bhutan means embarking on an adventure that respects the environment while engaging with the local community in a meaningful way. It’s about appreciating the country’s natural wonders, from its alpine valleys to its sacred monasteries, all while minimizing your carbon footprint and promoting sustainable practices.

Bhutan’s Commitment to Sustainability

Bhutan has long been a pioneer in environmental conservation. The government has committed to preserving 72% of the country’s land under forest cover, which acts as a crucial carbon sink. In addition to forest preservation, Bhutan promotes sustainable agriculture, renewable energy, and the protection of biodiversity.

One of the most notable aspects of Bhutan’s eco-tourism efforts is its Gross National Happiness (GNH) index, which measures the country’s success not by economic growth alone but by the well-being of its people and the health of the environment. The government’s policies encourage responsible tourism that respects the natural landscape, reduces waste, and protects Bhutan’s culture from the adverse effects of over-tourism.

Tourists visiting Bhutan are required to pay a sustainable development fee, which contributes to conservation projects and the protection of Bhutan’s national parks and wildlife reserves. This initiative helps ensure that the revenue generated from tourism directly supports the preservation of the environment and the livelihoods of local communities.

Visiting Sacred Valleys

Bhutan’s remote valleys offer some of the most unique and serene travel experiences, especially for eco-tourists interested in exploring sacred sites while being mindful of their environmental impact. Phobjikha Valley, a protected wetland area, is one of Bhutan’s hidden gems. Known for its stunning beauty and rich biodiversity, it’s home to the endangered black-necked crane, which migrates to the valley every winter. The valley is also home to the Gangtey Monastery, a revered Buddhist site that offers travelers a chance to connect with local monks while experiencing the peaceful surroundings.

For eco-conscious trekkers, the Phobjikha Valley offers several eco-friendly trekking routes that minimize environmental impact. These trails pass through traditional villages and offer the chance to experience Bhutan’s rural life while supporting the local economy. When trekking in these areas, make sure to follow ethical trekking practices, such as packing out all waste, sticking to designated trails, and respecting local customs and wildlife.

Ethical Wildlife Watching: Bhutan’s commitment to protecting its wildlife makes it an excellent destination for ethical wildlife watching. In addition to black-necked cranes, the country is home to various rare species, including snow leopards, tigers, and red pandas. Wildlife viewing is done in a responsible manner, ensuring that animals are not disturbed by human presence.

Sustainable Accommodations

When traveling to Bhutan, staying in eco-friendly accommodations is essential to reducing your environmental footprint. Bhutan offers a variety of sustainable lodging options that blend traditional Bhutanese architecture with modern eco-conscious practices. Here are a few recommendations:

Gangtey Lodge (Phobjikha Valley): An eco-lodge committed to sustainable practices, including solar power, water conservation, and supporting local communities.
Zhiwa Ling Heritage (Paro): A luxury resort integrating traditional Bhutanese design with sustainability initiatives like organic farming and energy-efficient buildings.
The Amankora Group (Multiple Locations): Eco-lodges dedicated to environmental conservation, offering luxurious yet eco-conscious stays.

Cultural Respect and Eco-Friendly Practices

Respect Local Traditions: Dress modestly and be mindful of religious customs when visiting monasteries.
Minimize Plastic Waste: Carry reusable bottles and avoid single-use plastics.
Support Local Businesses: Purchase handmade crafts directly from artisans.
Responsible Photography: Ask for permission before taking photos at sacred sites.

How to Get to Bhutan: Flight Suggestions from the USA

There are no direct flights from the USA to Bhutan. Travelers must fly to Paro International Airport (PBH) via major Asian hubs like:

Bangkok, Thailand (BKK)
Delhi, India (DEL)
Kathmandu, Nepal (KTM)

Bhutan’s national airline, Druk Air, and Bhutan Airlines operate flights to Paro from these hubs. A visa is required for entry and must be arranged through a licensed Bhutanese tour operator.

A journey to Bhutan is a long one, often involving multiple layovers and hours in transit. Keeping your hair fresh and looking great throughout your travels can be a challenge, but we’ve got you covered! Check out our guide on achieving perfect travel hair no matter where your journey takes you.

Tours and Tour Guide Recommendations

Bhutan Travel Bureau: Offers eco-conscious tours focusing on conservation and cultural experiences.
Druk Asia: Specializes in sustainable trekking and wildlife tours.

Conclusion

Bhutan’s remote monasteries and valleys offer travelers an unforgettable experience of nature and culture. By embracing eco-tourism, visitors can contribute to the preservation of Bhutan’s environment and traditions, ensuring that this Himalayan kingdom remains a pristine and sacred destination for generations to come.

For more unique travel experiences, check out our guide to the Batu Caves in Malaysia, another incredible destination rich in history and natural beauty.